𝐓𝐇𝐄 𝐍𝐄𝐔𝐑𝐎𝐋𝐎𝐆𝐘

High Yield Facts ⭆ 1. About fifty percent of the pediatric migraine patients continue to have migraine headache in adulthood. 2. Like adult migraine, Topiramate and Amitriptyline can be used as pharmacological prophylactic therapy in Pediatric Migraine. 3. Childhood onset migraine is a primary headache disorder. 4. Worldwide prevalence of Pediatric Migraine headache is around 7% to 8%. 5. About 30% of migraine patients, first start headache in childhood. 6. Before puberty, incidence of migraine headache is equal in male and female. Pediatric Migraine Headache Question True about Pediatric Migraine Headache, except: Pediatric migraine has no risk of developing adulthood migraine. Like adult migraine, Topiramate and Amitriptyline can be used as pharmacological prophylactic therapy in pediatric migraine Pediatric migraine headache is a primary headache Worldwide prevalence of pediatric migraine headache is around 7% to 8% References: Al-Twaijri, Waleed A., and Mic

High Yield Facts ⭆ Acetylcholine released in postsynaptic cleft and binds to α-subunit of acetylcholine receptor. When acetylcholine bind a nicotinic AchR, a conformational change occurs in the receptor, resulting in the formation of an ion pore. The opening of a ion pore produces a rapid increase in the cellular permeability of sodium and calcium ions, resulting in the depolarisation and excitation of the muscle cell. It activate the sodium channel and depolarizes the nerve fibers. Direction of transmission of nerve impulse from postsynaptic junction to nerve fibers. Question Which of the following ion channel opens, when acetylcholine (ACh) binds to acetylcholine receptor (AChR) at postsynaptic junction? Potassium (K) Chloride (Cl) Calcium (Ca) Sodium (Na) Acetylcholine Receptors Two types of Acetylcholine Receptor: Muscarinic Type: G-Protein Coupled Receptor. Slow metabolic response through intracellular secondary messenger system involving an increase of intracellula

High Yield Facts ⭆ Synaptic transmission at the neuromuscular junction begins when an action potential reaches the presynaptic terminal of a motor neuron, which activates voltage dependent calcium channels to allow calcium ions to enter the neuron. Calcium ions bind to synaptic vesicles, triggering vesicle fusion with the cell membrane and subsequent neurotransmitter release from the motor neuron into the synaptic cleft. Motor neurons release acetylcholine (ACh) neurotransmitter, which diffuses across the synaptic cleft and binds to nicotinic acetylcholine ionotropic receptors (nAChRs) on the cell membrane of the muscle fiber. The binding of ACh to the receptor can depolarize the muscle fiber, results in muscle contraction. Normally, Acetylcholine (ACh) binds to α-subunit of Acetylcholine Receptor (AChR) at postsynaptic junction. Which ion is responsible for transmission of impulse from postsynaptic junction to nerve fibers? Chloride (Cl) Calcium (Ca) Sodium (Na) Magnesium (Mg)